This is an unpleasant disease that women are more prone to develop. Cystitis occurs due to inflammation of the bladder mucosa, which occurs on the background of bacterial infection.
Urinary disorders can become chronic without treatment and lead to changes in bladder tissue that can lead to the development of serious disease.
Causes of Cystitis
Cystitis can also be caused by general weakened immunity, chronic stress, onset of sexual activity, narrowing of the urethra, hypothermia, stagnant urine from the bladder (persistent to last habit), nutritional imbalances, hormonal imbalance, pregnancy, childbirth, Surgery of the organs of the urinary system.
Another reason is drugs. Cystitis can also be caused by general weakened immunity, chronic stress, onset of sexual activity, narrowing of the urethra, hypothermia, stagnant urine from the bladder (persistent to last habit), nutritional imbalances, hormonal imbalance, pregnancy, childbirth, Surgery of the organs of the urinary system.
Bladder inflammation can also cause the body to react to certain allergens. In women, cystitis is most common. This is due to the physiological characteristics of the female sexual structure. The urethra is near the entrance to the vagina and anus. Therefore, it is important to continuously monitor the quality of intimate hygiene.
symptoms of cystitis
- Frequent urination - During urination, there may be pain and burning in the urethra, as well as a feeling of incomplete bowel emptying.
- Lower abdominal pain - a feeling of an overcrowded bladder. One sign of cystitis is itching and burning in the perineum. In some cases, the pain and discomfort are not valued by the patient if it is not too obvious. This can lead to chronic disease and complications.
- Pathological impurities (mucus, blood, pus) in urine - urine color can vary from pale pink to brick red. The presence of impurities indicates the presence of viruses in the human body. As cystitis develops, severe pain in the urethra may occur.
What are the symptoms of cystitis during pregnancy?
During childbearing, the protective function of a woman's immune system declines. Therefore, after entering the body, the diseased organism causes the inflammatory process more quickly.
The particularity of female physiology promotes the development of cystitis. The shape of the urethra is shorter and wider, close to the vagina and intestines, helping to spread infection quickly from adjacent organs.
With this condition, the bladder wall becomes inflamed, causing its function to be impaired. The symptoms of cystitis are very specific - they are difficult to confuse with other conditions. Women may experience frequent urination, pain, blood in the urine, and fever.
First, women should see a urologist. He will prescribe the necessary tests, examinations and recommend additional consultation with your gynecologist. This allows you to rule out the presence of an infection in the genital area, which can lead to bacterial vaginosis, vaginitis, thrush.
How to treat cystitis in pregnant women? Diet, immune and hormonal status are corrected and blood circulation is improved. Then it is necessary to start fighting against pathogens (Escherichia coli, Candida, sexually transmitted infections, viruses) and restore the damaged bladder structure.
Cystitis in children
Given the basic anatomical differences between the sexes, girls develop cystitis almost 4-10 times more often than children of the opposite sex.
Pathological signs in children are varied. Pain during urination, urethra, lower abdomen, or side. In addition, there may be an increase in the frequency of urination, as well as previously unobserved urinary incontinence and leakage.
Children show capriciousness, which increases during urination and defecation. At the same time, appetite is disturbed, and anxiety occurs if you have to sit on the potty for fear of pain, burning, pain. Poisoning of the body occurs, manifested as elevated body temperature and chills.
The clinical presentation varies with the age of the child. In young children, general symptoms predominate. Also, young children are not always able to indicate what they are worried about. In older children, signs of intoxication are no longer observed, and dysuria and pain syndrome appear here.
Types of Cystitis
There are several classifications of pathology: according to the course of the disease, the type of inflammation, the cause. We will classify in more detail according to the course of the disease.
- acute cystitisAppears several hours after exposure to harmful agents in the body. It has marked symptoms of the inflammatory process with a tendency to progress. If acute cystitis is left untreated or if the wrong treatment is used, there is a high chance of developing a chronic form.
- subacute cystitisThe clinical presentation is vague. Symptoms are mild or absent. It can only be accompanied by pain and urination disturbance, and no symptoms of bodily intoxication (fever, pain, chills) have been observed.
- chronic cystitisOccurs due to untreated acute cystitis. It is characterized by a slow course of disease, with no obvious symptoms, and sometimes completely asymptomatic. That is, the inflammatory triggers in the bladder persist without leaking, but at some point sharply worsen with all the attendant consequences: frequent urination and pain, burning, itching, cloudy urine, discomfortWait.
pathological diagnosis
Urologists are responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis. Only experts know how to properly treat this disease to avoid chronic inflammation and not damage health.
You can go to the nearest clinic for examination and diagnosis. However, this takes time as you will need to wait 2-3 weeks for your doctor's appointment. But in the case of acute or subacute cystitis, time is the most precious resource. Therefore, the best option is to contact a professional medical clinic. Here you can sign up for the exam and find a professional doctor in the near future.
A urologist will determine your general health, asking about past illnesses, frequency of urination, and medications you take. Next, the specialist explores the abdomen and kidney area, lower back.
Cystitis in men - see and feel the genitals. Check the prostate - rectum.
Female Cystitis - Assess the condition of the mucous membranes, female reproductive organs, and explore the bladder and ureters.
Diagnosis may require the following tests:
- General Urinalysis
- Urinalysis according to Nechiporenko
- Urine bacteriological examination
- cystoscopy
- Ultrasonography of the bladder and abdominal organs, including the kidneys
How is cystitis treated?
After repeated appointments with a urologist and a diagnosis, the specialist will prescribe a personalized treatment plan that includes medications to treat cystitis. It depends on the disease itself and the extent of its course.
In the treatment of cystitis, the following principles must be observed:
- Bed or semi-bed rest for the entire duration of acute symptoms of illness.
- medical food. The diet of cystitis should be mainly lacto-vegetarian, that is, the daily diet of patients should be mainly dairy products, vegetables and fruits. Fried, spicy, salty and spicy dishes and alcoholic beverages are strictly prohibited.
- Antibiotic treatment. The inflammatory process can be treated with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs. Antibiotics for the treatment of cystitis are first prescribed for broad action and after the results of urine culture and antibacterial spectrum are received. With antibacterial drugs, the causative agent of cystitis is susceptible to it.
- Pain treatment. Because of the severe pain in the bladder, the patient needs to take pain relievers and antispasmodics.
- Physiotherapy (electrophoresis, diathermy, induction thermotherapy, UHF, etc. ).
We advise you not to self-medicate under any circumstances, but to consult a urologist on this delicate matter. Make an appointment with a urologist and make sure your problem doesn't come within the confines of the clinic.